Nonpharmacologic Therapies for Postoperative Pain in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVES: To search for studies that address the efficacy of nonpharmacologic methods for pain relief in adults undergoing cardiac surgeries. DESIGN: A systematic review registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42020168681. DATA SOURCE: PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL, the Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. REVIEW/ANALYSIS METHODS: The review used a PRISMA guideline that selected primary randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of nonpharmacologic pain relief therapies in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with no time or language restrictions. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Clinical Trials was used to assess methodological rigor. RESULTS: After screening, 23 of the 140 studies found in the databases were selected. The studies examined the efficacy of 13 different nonpharmacologic therapies, as well as a combination of therapies, with massage therapy being the most commonly examined, followed by musical intervention and hypnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Some interventions, when combined with pharmacologic therapy, were effective in relieving postoperative pain after cardiac surgeries, according to the studies analyzed. However, most studies had significant methodological flaws, and further studies with high methodological quality are needed.

Prevalence and risk factors for intimate partner violence and indigenous women: A scoping review.

AIM: This study aims to map intimate partner violence evidence among indigenous women and explore the prevalence, social and systemic factors contributing to this occurrence. METHODS: This is a scoping review following the steps recommended by the JBI. We searched the MEDLINE/PubMed®, Web of Science™, Embase, CINAHL and LILACS databases on March 2023. Studies that addressed the intimate partner violence topic among indigenous women and risk factors, without time and language limitations, were included. Detailed information was extracted, standardized by JBI. RESULTS: Twenty studies of different designs were included, all published in English, between 2004 and 2022. A high intimate partner violence prevalence among indigenous women was identified, associated with a great diversity of risk factors. CONCLUSION: The great diversity of identified factors associated with its occurrence shows the complexity of this problem and the vulnerability of indigenous women.

Safe practices for bed bathing in the intensive care unit: validation of a checklist / Prácticas seguras para baño en el lecho en la unidad de cuidados intensivos: validación de un checklist / Práticas seguras para banho no leito na unidade de terapia intensiva: validação de um checklist

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate a checklist for safe bathing in critically ill patients. Methods: This is a methodological and quantitative study. Researchers developed a checklist for safe bathing in critically ill patients consisting of 41 items, which were submitted to the apparent and content validation process, evaluated by eleven judges, and interobserver reliability. For reliability analysis, the instrument was applied in 54 bed bath procedures in the ICU; Kappa and CHF tests were used. Results: In the apparent and content validation, adjustments were made according to the judges' suggestions. Kappa values ranged from moderate to almost perfect (0.462 to 0.962), and, in some items, there was 100% agreement; the reliability of the instrument was excellent (ICC = 0.962). Conclusion: The instrument proved to be dependable and easy to apply. Its use will contribute to safe bed bathing and subsidize interventions aimed at increasing the quality of care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Validar lista de verificación para el baño seguro en pacientes críticos. Métodos: Estudio metodológico y cuantitativo. Se elaboró una lista de verificación para baño seguro en paciente crítico compuesta por 41 ítems, que fue sometida al proceso de validación aparente y de contenido, evaluada por 11 jueces, y confiabilidad interobservadores. Para el análisis de confiabilidad, el instrumento fue aplicado en 54 procedimientos de baño en el lecho en UTI; utilizados las pruebas de Kappa e ICC. Resultados: En la validación aparente y de contenido, fueron realizados ayustes conforme sugestiones de los jueces. Los valores de Kappa variaron de moderado a casi perfecto (0,462 a 0,962); y, en algunos ítems, hubo 100% de concordancia; la confiabilidad del instrumento fue excelente (ICC = 0,962). Conclusión: El instrumento se demostró confiable y de fácil aplicación. Su utilización contribuirá para el baño en el lecho seguro y subsidiará intervenciones que objetiven aumentar la calidad asistencial.

RESUMO Objetivo: Validar uma lista de verificação para o banho seguro em pacientes críticos. Métodos: Estudo metodológico e quantitativo. Elaborou-se uma lista de verificação para banho seguro no paciente crítico composta por 41 itens, que foi submetida ao processo de validação aparente e de conteúdo, avaliada por 11 juízes, e confiabilidade interobservadores. Para a análise de confiabilidade, o instrumento foi aplicado em 54 procedimentos de banho no leito em UTI; utilizaram-se os testes de Kappa e ICC. Resultados: Na validação aparente e de conteúdo, foram realizados ajustes conforme sugestões dos juízes. Os valores de Kappa variaram de moderado a quase perfeito (0,462 a 0,962); e, em alguns itens, houve 100% de concordância; a confiabilidade do instrumento foi excelente (ICC = 0,962). Conclusão: O instrumento demonstrou-se confiável e de fácil aplicação. Sua utilização contribuirá para o banho no leito seguro e subsidiará intervenções que visem aumentar a qualidade assistencial.

Safe practices for bed bathing in the intensive care unit: validation of a checklist.

OBJECTIVE: To validate a checklist for safe bathing in critically ill patients. METHODS: This is a methodological and quantitative study. Researchers developed a checklist for safe bathing in critically ill patients consisting of 41 items, which were submitted to the apparent and content validation process, evaluated by eleven judges, and interobserver reliability. For reliability analysis, the instrument was applied in 54 bed bath procedures in the ICU; Kappa and CHF tests were used. RESULTS: In the apparent and content validation, adjustments were made according to the judges' suggestions. Kappa values ranged from moderate to almost perfect (0.462 to 0.962), and, in some items, there was 100% agreement; the reliability of the instrument was excellent (ICC = 0.962). CONCLUSION: The instrument proved to be dependable and easy to apply. Its use will contribute to safe bed bathing and subsidize interventions aimed at increasing the quality of care.

Factors associated with surgical site infection in myocardial revascularization: a retrospective longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the influence of sociodemographic and clinical variables, as well as the surgical checklist adherence score, on the occurrence of surgical site infection among patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. METHODS: an observational, longitudinal, retrospective study was conducted at a university hospital, involving 266 medical records of patients who underwent myocardial revascularization surgery. Instruments containing sociodemographic, clinical, and infection-related variables were used, along with the Perioperative Surgical Safety Checklist. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses were employed. RESULTS: surgical site infection occurred in 89 (33.5%) patients. There was a statistically significant association between body temperature outside the range of 36 degrees Celsius to 36.5 degrees Celsius (p=0.01), the presence of invasive devices (p=0.05), surgical procedures with the anticipation of critical events (p<0.001), and the occurrence of infection. CONCLUSIONS: body temperature, the presence of invasive devices, and surgical procedures with the anticipation of critical events were significant factors contributing to an increased risk of infection.

PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES DE RISCOS ASSOCIADOS À HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL EM IDOSOS HOSPITALIZADOS / PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION IN HOSPITALIZED ELDERLY

Introdução: A hipertensão é o principal fator contribuidor para todas as causas de morte e invalidez. Alterações fisiopatológicas em razão do envelhecimento justificam alta incidência da hipertensão no idoso. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência e fatores associados a hipertensão em idosos hospitalizados. Método: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado com 233 idosos em hospital de ensino brasileiro de grande porte. Dados sociodemográficos/clínicos e hábitos de vida foram coletados. Análise bivariada e regressão logística foram realizadas, sendo considerado significativo p<0,05. Resultados: A média de idade foi 70,9±8,1anos, com prevalência do sexo masculino (63,1%), brancos (62,2%) e hipertensos (67%). Idade ≥80anos (OR:3,965, IC 95%:1,430- 10,995) e diabetes (OR:4,196, IC 95%:1,968-8,946) foram significativos para ocorrência de hipertensão. Conclusão: Indivíduos muito idosos e diabetes foram fatores significativos para hipertensão em idosos hospitalizados.

Introduction: Hypertension is the main contributing factor to all causes of death and disability. Pathophysiological changes due to aging justify a high incidence of hypertension in the elderly. Objective: To verify the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in hospitalized elderly. Method: Cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted with 233 elderly people in a large Brazilian teaching hospital. Sociodemographic/clinical data and lifestyle habits were collected. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were performed, and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age was 70.9±8.1 years, with prevalence of males (63.1%), whites (62.2%) and hypertensive (67%). Age ≥80 years (OR:3.965, 95% CI:1.430-10.995) and diabetes (OR:4.196, 95% CI:1.968-8.946) were significant for the occurrence of hypertension. Conclusion: Very elderly individuals and diabetes were significant factors for hypertension in hospitalized elderly.

Effectiveness of individualized counseling on the duration of exclusive breastfeeding: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, parallel, and open clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Despite the benefits of breastfeeding, early weaning is a reality, so less than 50% of children worldwide and in Brazil are on exclusive breastfeeding in the sixth month of life. A strategy to counteract this scenario is breastfeeding counseling. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of individualized counseling by nurses trained in breastfeeding counseling, on the duration of exclusive breastfeeding, compared to standard care. METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, parallel, and open clinical trial, with primiparous women aged over 18 years, hospitalized in rooming-in wards at participating centers and hemodynamically stable, aware, and oriented, who had a single-fetus pregnancy and gave birth, regardless of the type of delivery, with live child, gestational age of 37 to 42 weeks and birth weight greater than 2500 g. The women will be initially approached in rooming-in wards and, upon consent to participate in the study, will be allocated through randomization by blocks composed of eight participants in two groups: intervention and control. The randomization lists will be organized by a central without involvement with the study, which will manage the allocation groups and be prepared in the Randon® program. Women allocated to the intervention group will receive breastfeeding counseling by trained nurses, and those in the control group will receive standard care at the center participating in the study. DISCUSSION: The results can contribute to breastfeeding by evidencing possible exclusivity and duration of the counseling trained nurses provide. TRIAL REGISTRATION: REBEC RBR-4w9v5rq (UTN: U1111-1284-3559) ( https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4w9v5rq ). Posted on March 20, 2023.

Risk Factors for In-Hospital Mortality from Cardiac Causes After Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Background: Risk stratification on admission of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is considered a clear strategy for effective treatment, early intervention, and survival. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality from cardiac causes after STEMI. Methods: Observational, retrospective, longitudinal study, with a quantitative approach, based on data from the medical records of individuals diagnosed with STEMI treated at the Emergency Room of a large hospital in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from January 2011 to July 2016. The outcome of interest was 30-day in-hospital mortality from after STEMI. For statistical analysis, the Pearson's chi-square test, Spearman's correlation and multivariable Cox-regression analysis were used, with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: Of the 459 patients, 55 (12%) died from cardiac causes within 30 days after STEMI. Mean admission SBP of these patients was 109.08mmHg. The incidence of death was higher in women (23.7%), patients with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) (13.8%) and elderly patients (16.5%). The elderly — heart rate (HR) = 3.54 — and women — HR = 2.55 — had a statistically significant higher risk of progressing to death when compared to younger adults and men. The highest admission SBP had a protective effect (HR = 0.97), reducing the chance of death by 3%. Conclusion: SBP on admission, female gender and advanced age were significant risk factors for death within 30 days after STEMI.

Skin-to-Skin Contact in the Third Stage of Labor and Postpartum Hemorrhage Prevention: A Scoping Review.

INTRODUCTION: Literature supports numerous benefits of skin-to-skin contact for neonatal adaptation to extrauterine life and bonding/attachment, but few studies explore the effects of skin-to-skin contact on maternal outcomes. This review aims to map the evidence on skin-to-skin contact in the third stage of labor for postpartum hemorrhage prevention. METHODS: Scoping review, which covered stages recommended by the Institute Joanna Briggs, including studies from the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, using the descriptors "Postpartum hemorrhage", "Labor stages, third", "Prevention" and "Kangaroo care/Skin-to-skin". RESULTS: 100 publications on the subject found, 13 articles met the inclusion criteria, with 10,169 dyads were assessed in all studies. Publications from 2008 to 2021 were mostly written in English and designed as a randomized controlled trial. Skin-to-skin contact was effective and significant in: reducing the duration of the third stage of labor; placenta delivery; uterine contractility and physiological involution; absence of atony, decreasing blood loss with lower rates of erythrocyte and hemoglobin drop; reducing the need for synthetic oxytocin and/or ergometrine to control bleeding; and reducing changing pads per period and length of stay. DISCUSSION: Skin-to-skin contact was considered an effective, low-cost, and safe strategy, with positive effects already established in the literature for infants and extremely favorable results in postpartum hemorrhage prevention cases, being highly recommended in assistance for the dyad. Open Science Framework Registry ( https://osf.io/n3685 ).

Production and validation of an educational video on the use of the Z-Track Technique.

OBJECTIVE: to create and validate an educational video on intramuscular drug administration using the Z-track technique. METHODS: the Delphi Technique was used to validate the script. PhDs in Nursing and PhDs in Social Communication with experience in the production of educational videos participated in the process. After editing, the video was validated by three nursing professors and assessed by students of the undergraduate nursing program at a public university. RESULTS: the video was validated by the examiners with 100% agreement in three rounds for script validation and in two for video validation after editing. The duration of the video was 9 minutes. CONCLUSION: after validation by the examiners, students assessed the video and considered it suitable for learning. We This video is expected to aid in the training of nursing professionals and the enhancement of patient care.

Construção e validação da escala de verificação da adesão às recomendações das Diretrizes Brasileiras de Ventilação Mecânica / Construction and validation of the scale for verifying adherence to the recom-mendations of The Brazilian Guidelines For Mechanical Ventilation / Construcción y validación de la escala para verificar la adherencia a las recomenda-ciones de Las Directrices Brasileñas Sobre Ventilación Mecánica

Objetivo: construir e validar uma escala de verificação da adesão às recomendações das Diretrizes Brasileiras de Ventilação Mecânica por profissionais da saúde. Método: estudo metodológico, conduzido no período entre setembro e dezembro de 2019 em um hospital público com 87 pacientes. Para a validação de conteúdo, adotou-se o Índice de Validação de Conteúdo; para a validade de critério, o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson; para a consistência interna, o alfa de Cronbach; e, para a confiabilidade interobservador, o Coeficiente Kappa e o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse. Resultados: a escala identificou uma validade de conteúdo e consistência interna aceitável. A correlação de Pearson indicou uma correlação do escore de adesão com a saturação (r = 0,31; p≤0,005), o escore médio para o observador A e B resultou, respectivamente, em 88,89(±5,23) e 88,86(±5,34), e o intervalo de confiança foi de 0,96. Conclusão: a escala apresentou validade e confiabilidade para verificar a adesão às Diretrizes Brasileiras de Ventilação Mecânica dos profissionais.(AU)

Objective: to construct and validate a scale for verifying adherence to the recommendations of the Brazilian Guidelines for Mechanical Ventilation by healthcare professionals. Method: methodological study, conducted between September and December 2019 in a public hospital with 87 patients. For content validation, the Content Validation Index was adopted; for criterion validity, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient; for internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha; and, for interobserver reliability, the Kappa Coefficient, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. Results: the scale identified acceptable content validity and internal consistency. Pearson's correlation indicated a correlation between adherence score and saturation (r = 0.31; p≤0.005), the average score for observer A and B resulted, respectively, in 88.89(±5.23) and 88.86(±5.34), and the confidence interval was 0.96. Conclusion: the scale showed validity and reliability to verify adherence to the Brazilian Guidelines for Mechanical Ventilation by professionals.(AU)

Objetivo: construir y validar una escala para verificar la adherencia a las recomendaciones de las directrices brasileñas sobre ventilación mecánica por parte de los profesionales de la salud. Método: estudio metodológico, realizado entre septiembre y diciembre de 2019 en un hospital público con 87 pacientes. Se adoptó el Índice de Validación de Contenido para la validación de contenido, para la validez de criterio, el Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson, para la consistencia interna, el alfa de Cronbach y, para la fiabilidad interobservador, el Coeficiente Kappa y el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase. Resultados: la escala presentó una validez de contenido y una consistencia interna aceptables. La correlación de Pearson indicó una correlación de la puntuación de adherencia con la saturación (r = 0,31; p≤0,005), la puntuación media para el observador A y B resultó de 88,89(±5,23) y 88,86(±5,34), respectivamente, y el intervalo de confianza fue de 0,96. Conclusión: la escala presentó validez y confiabilidad para verificar la adherencia a las Directrices Brasileñas de Ventilación Mecánica de los profesionales.(AU)

Métodos para vigilância de infecção do sítio cirúrgico pós-alta: revisão integrativa / Post-discharge surveillance methods for infection of the surgical site: integrative review / Post-discharge surveillance methods for infection of the surgical site: integrative review / Métodos para control de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico posterior al alta: revisión integradora

Resumo Objetivo Identificar os métodos utilizados na vigilância de infecção do sítio cirúrgico pós-alta hospitalar. Métodos Revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Cinahl, Lilacs, Embase e Web of Science, com estudos publicados até julho de 2022, utilizando os descritores controlados: Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica, Vigilância, Alta do Paciente, Controle de Infecções e Profissionais Controladores de Infecções. Foram identificados 2.054 títulos relevantes e destes 17 foram selecionados. Utilizou-se análise descritiva e síntese do conhecimento produzido em cada estudo. Resultados Dos 17 estudos selecionados, dez foram encontrados na base de dados Pubmed, três na Cinahl e Embase e um na Lilacs. Todos foram publicados na língua inglesa e em periódicos internacionais de localidades diversas. Quanto aos métodos de vigilância utilizados para identificar a infecção do sítio cirúrgico após a alta hospitalar nove estudos usaram chamadas telefônicas, seis utilizaram revisão de prontuários, quatro usaram vigilância prospectiva e acompanhamento ambulatorial, e, outros realizaram avaliação clínica, consulta ao banco de dados do seguro de saúde, comunicação virtual, programa de vigilância ativa e tecnologia de smartphone. A maioria (64,7%) dos estudos selecionados utilizaram mais de um método de vigilância. Conclusão Os principais métodos identificados para a vigilância da infecção do sítio cirúrgico pós-alta foram chamadas telefônicas, revisão de prontuários, vigilância prospectiva e acompanhamento ambulatorial, sendo a combinação dos métodos uma estratégia comumente utilizada.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar los métodos utilizados en el control de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico posterior al alta hospitalaria. Métodos Revisión integradora, realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, Cinahl, Lilacs, Embase y Web of Science, con estudios publicados hasta julio de 2022, utilizando los descriptores controlados: Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica, Control, Alta del Paciente, Control de Infecciones y Profesionales Controladores de Infecciones. Se identificaron 2.054 títulos relevantes, de los cuales se seleccionaron 17. Se utilizó un análisis descriptivo y síntesis del conocimiento producido en cada estudio. Resultados De los 17 estudios seleccionados, diez fueron encontrados en la base de datos Pubmed, tres en Cinahl y Embase y uno en Lilacs. Todos fueron publicados en idioma inglés y en periódicos internacionales de distintos lugares. Con relación a los métodos de control utilizados para identificar infecciones del sitio quirúrgico después del alta hospitalaria, nueve estudios usaron llamadas telefónicas, seis utilizaron revisión de historias clínicas, cuatro usaron control prospectivo y seguimiento ambulatorio y otros realizaron evaluación clínica, consulta al banco de datos del seguro médico, comunicación virtual, programa de control activo y tecnología de smartphone. La mayoría (64,7 %) de los estudios seleccionados utilizó más de un método de control. Conclusión Los principales métodos identificados para el control de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico posterior al alta fueron llamadas telefónicas, revisión de historias clínicas, control prospectivo y seguimiento ambulatorio, y la combinación de los métodos fue una estrategia comúnmente utilizada.

Abstract Objective To identify post hospital discharge surveillance methods used in infection of the surgical wound. Methods Integrative review carried out in the PubMed, Cinahl, Lilacs, Embase, and Web of Science databases with studies published until July 2022, using controlled descriptors: Surgical Wound Infection, Surveillance, Patient Discharge, Infections Control, and Infection Control Practitioners. We identified 2,054 relevant records, and from that, we selected 17 studies. We used descriptive analysis and knowledge synthesis in each study. Results From the 17 selected studies, we found ten in the Pubmed database, three from Cinahl and Embase, and one from Lilacs. All of them published in English and international journals from different locations. Regarding the surveillance methods used to identify infection in the surgical wound post-hospital discharge, nine studies used telephone calls, six used medical records, four used prospective surveillance and outpatient follow-up, and others carried out a clinical evaluation, consultation of the health insurance database, virtual communication, active surveillance program, and smartphone technology. The majority (64.7%) of the selected studies used more than one surveillance method. Conclusion The main methods identified for infection surveillance of the surgical wound post-discharge were telephone calls, review of medical records, prospective surveillance, and outpatient follow-up, being the combination of methods a commonly used strategy.

Production and validation of an educational video on the use of the Z-Track Technique / Preparación y validación de un vídeo educativo sobre el uso de la Técnica Z / Elaboração e validação de vídeo educativo sobre a utilização da Técnica em Z

ABSTRACT Objective: to create and validate an educational video on intramuscular drug administration using the Z-track technique. Methods: the Delphi Technique was used to validate the script. PhDs in Nursing and PhDs in Social Communication with experience in the production of educational videos participated in the process. After editing, the video was validated by three nursing professors and assessed by students of the undergraduate nursing program at a public university. Results: the video was validated by the examiners with 100% agreement in three rounds for script validation and in two for video validation after editing. The duration of the video was 9 minutes. Conclusion: after validation by the examiners, students assessed the video and considered it suitable for learning. We This video is expected to aid in the training of nursing professionals and the enhancement of patient care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir y validar un vídeo educativo sobre la administración intramuscular de fármacos, utilizando la Técnica Z. Métodos: se utilizó la técnica Delphi para validar el guion. Participaron en el proceso dos doctores en enfermería y dos doctores en comunicación social con experiencia en la producción de vídeos educativos. Tras su edición, el vídeo fue validado por tres docentes de enfermería y evaluado por estudiantes del curso de licenciatura en enfermería de una universidad pública. Resultados: el vídeo fue validado por los expertos con un 100% de acuerdo en tres rondas para la validación del guion y dos para la validación del vídeo después de la edición. La duración del vídeo fue de 9 minutos. Conclusión: tras la validación por parte de los expertos, los estudiantes evaluaron el vídeo y lo consideraron adecuado para el aprendizaje. Se espera que este vídeo pueda contribuir a la formación de los profesionales de enfermería y mejorar la asistencia a los pacientes.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir e validar um vídeo educativo sobre a administração de medicamentos por via intramuscular, com utilização da Técnica em Z. Métodos: utilizou-se a Técnica Delphi para a validação do roteiro. Participaram do processo doutores em enfermagem e doutores em comunicação social com experiência na produção de vídeos educativos. Após a edição, o vídeo foi validado por três docentes de enfermagem e avaliado por estudantes do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública. Resultados: o vídeo foi validado pelos juízes com 100% de concordância ocorrida em três rodadas para validação do roteiro e duas para validação do vídeo após a edição. A duração do vídeo foi de 9 minutos. Conclusão: Após a validação pelos juízes, estudantes avaliaram o vídeo e o consideraram adequado para o aprendizado. Espera-se que esse vídeo possa contribuir para a formação do profissional de enfermagem e melhoria da assistência ao paciente.

Factors Associated With Elevated Blood Pressure in Nursing Workers

Abstract Introduction Nurses from the night shift are exposed to sleep deprivation, which is associated with circadian rhythm alteration, lifestyle changes, psychosocial stress, and, consequently, increased risk of blood pressure (BP) deregulation and hypertension. Objective To analyze risk factors associated with elevated BP levels in nursing workers. Methods A transversal, quantitative study was conducted with 172 nursing professionals of a large hospital in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The following data were collected: anthropometric and BP measurements, sociodemographic characteristics, clinical variables, and lifestyle habits. Results were evaluated by bivariate analysis and logistic regression. The level of significance adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%. Results Participants' average age was 42.7 ± 9.6 years old; 86.6% (n = 149) were female, and 20.3% (n = 35) had previous diagnosis of hypertension. Overweight and obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 2.187, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.060 - 4.509) and night shift (OR: 2.100, CI 95%: 1.061 - 4.158) were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for increased risk of elevated BP level. Conclusion Excessive weight and night shift were significant factors for increased BP in nursing workers.

Impacto do perfil ocupacional, saúde mental e religiosidade sobre depressão, ansiedade e estresse de profissionais de saúde na pandemia de COVID-19 / Impact of occupational profile, mental health and religiosity on depression, anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a influência de variáveis ocupacionais e de saúde mental, religiosidade e estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) sobre depressão, ansiedade e estresse em profissionais de saúde da linha de frente da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo observacional e seccional, realizado em hospital universitário no interior de Minas Gerais, com 151 profissionais de saúde atuantes na linha de frente da COVID-19. Utilizaram-se questionários de caracterização sociodemográfica, ocupacional e de saúde mental; religiosidade (P-DUREL); TEPT (PCL-C) e rastreio de depressão, ansiedade e estresse (DASS-21). Análises descritiva, bivariada e regressão linear múltipla foram empregadas. Resultados: Houve predomínio de participantes de sexo feminino, de cor branca, católicos, casados, de nível superior completo, com filhos, sedentários e sem histórico de doenças crônicas ou psiquiátricas. A minoria apresentou sintomas da COVID-19, teste positivo ou necessidade de isolamento. A maioria teve privação do contato com familiares e não recebeu suporte psicológico/psiquiátrico. A maioria apresentou sintomas leves ou mínimos de depressão (68,2%), ansiedade (64,9%) ou estresse (69,5%). A prevalência de sintomas de TEPT foi de 17,2%. Transtornos psiquiátricos diagnosticados previamente e presença de sintomas de TEPT foram associados a sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse atuais. Escores baixos de religiosidade intrínseca foram associados a escores altos de depressão, e o sexo feminino foi associado a maiores escores de depressão e estresse. Conclusões: Durante a pandemia, sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse foram comuns nessa amostra de profissionais de saúde. Os fatores associados a esses sintomas podem ser utilizados para identificar profissionais vulneráveis que precisem de suporte psicológico/psiquiátrico.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of occupational and mental health variables, religiosity and posttraumatic stress (PTSD) on depression, anxiety and stress in front-line healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with 151 health professionals working on the front-line of COVID-19. Sociodemographic, occupational and mental health, religiosity (P-DUREL), PTSD (PCL-C) and screening for depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21) questionnaires were used. Descriptive, bivariate and multiple linear regression were used. Results: There was a predominance of female, white, Catholic, married, complete higher education, with children, sedentary and without a history of chronic or psychiatric diseases. The minority presented symptoms of COVID-19, tested positive for the virus or needed isolation. Most of them had deprivation of contact with family members and did not receive psychological/psychiatric support. Most professionals had mild or minimal symptoms of depression (68.2%), anxiety (64.9%) or stress (69.5%). The prevalence of PTSD symptoms was 17.2%. A previous history of psychiatric disorder and the presence of PTSD symptoms were associated with current symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Low intrinsic religiosity scores were associated with high depression scores and females were associated with higher depression and stress scores. Conclusions: During the pandemic, symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were common in this sample of health professionals. The factors associated with these symptoms can be used to identify vulnerable professionals who need psychological/psychiatric support.

Complications after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and associated factors

This study aimed to analyze the incidence of vascular complications and associated factors in patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study is observational, quantitative, and longitudinal, and followed 50 patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. An instrument for the sociodemographic, clinical, procedure, and vascular complications characterization was used for data collection. And descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multiple binomial logistic regression were used for data analysis. The level of statistical significance considered was 95%. It was detected the prevalence of male patients (70%), elderly (54%), and diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension (72%). As for the percutaneous access route prevailed the radial approach (64%). Age and body mass index were identified as possible risk factors for vascular complications. In the 50 procedures performed, there was a prevalence of hematomas (20%) and bleeding (10%). Among the complications prevailed radial Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary (60%), large femoral hematoma (20%), small femoral hematoma (20%), and bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2) (100%). The results concluded an elevated incidence of vascular complications in the first 24 hours after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study contributes to research, assistance, and training in health and nursing by identifying post-PTCA vascular complications, minimizing their progression, handling their management, and developing health care safety protocols.

Factors associated with surgical site infection in myocardial revascularization: a retrospective longitudinal study / Factores asociados a la infección del sitio quirúrgico en la revascularización miocárdica: estudio longitudinal retrospectivo / Fatores associados à infecção de sítio cirúrgico em revascularização miocárdica: estudo longitudinal retrospectivo

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the influence of sociodemographic and clinical variables, as well as the surgical checklist adherence score, on the occurrence of surgical site infection among patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. Methods: an observational, longitudinal, retrospective study was conducted at a university hospital, involving 266 medical records of patients who underwent myocardial revascularization surgery. Instruments containing sociodemographic, clinical, and infection-related variables were used, along with the Perioperative Surgical Safety Checklist. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses were employed. Results: surgical site infection occurred in 89 (33.5%) patients. There was a statistically significant association between body temperature outside the range of 36 degrees Celsius to 36.5 degrees Celsius (p=0.01), the presence of invasive devices (p=0.05), surgical procedures with the anticipation of critical events (p<0.001), and the occurrence of infection. Conclusions: body temperature, the presence of invasive devices, and surgical procedures with the anticipation of critical events were significant factors contributing to an increased risk of infection.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la influencia de variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, así como del puntaje de adherencia a la lista de verificación quirúrgica en aparición de infección del sitio quirúrgico en pacientes sometidos a revascularización miocárdica. Métodos: estudio observacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo realizado en un hospital universitario con 266 expedientes de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización miocárdica. Se utilizaron instrumentos que contenían variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y relacionadas con la incidencia de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, así como la Lista de Verificación de Seguridad Quirúrgica Perioperatoria. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y de regresión logística. Resultados: la infección del sitio quirúrgico se produjo en 89 (33,5%) pacientes. Hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la temperatura fuera del rango de 36°C a 36,5°C(p=0,01), la presencia de dispositivos invasivos(p=0,05) y los procedimientos quirúrgicos con previsión de eventos críticos(p<0,001) y la aparición de infección. Conclusiones: la temperatura corporal, presencia de dispositivos invasivos y los procedimientos quirúrgicos con previsión de eventos críticos fueron factores significativos para aumentar el riesgo de infección.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a influência de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas e do escore de adesão ao checklist cirúrgico sobre a ocorrência de infecção de sítio cirúrgico entre pacientes submetidos à revascularização miocárdica. Métodos: estudo observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo, realizado em hospital universitário, com 266 prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Utilizaram-se instrumentos contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e relacionadas à incidência de infecções de sítio cirúrgico; e a Lista de Verificação de Segurança Cirúrgica Perioperatória. Empregaram-se análises descritivas, bivariadas e regressão logística. Resultados: a infecção de sítio cirúrgico ocorreu em 89 (33,5%) pacientes. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre temperatura fora da faixa entre 36°C e 36,5°C (p=0,01), presença de dispositivos invasivos (p=0,05) e procedimentos cirúrgicos com previsão de eventos críticos (p<0,001) e ocorrência de infecção. Conclusões: temperatura corporal, presença de dispositivos invasivos e procedimentos cirúrgicos com previsão de eventos críticos foram fatores significativos para o aumento do risco de infecção.

Aspiração endotraqueal em paciente crítico: elaboração e validação de um checklist / Endotracheal aspiration in critically ill patients: development and validation of a checklist / Aspiración endotraqueal en pacientes críticos: desarrollo y validación de una lista de verificación

Objetivo: Elaborar e validar um instrumento, tipo checklist, para identificar a adesão às recomendações, no procedimento de aspiração endotraqueal, em pacientes críticos sob ventilação mecânica, segundo as Diretrizes de Práticas Clínicas da American Association for Respiratory Care. Método: Estudo metodológico, transversal e com abordagem quantitativa. Realizou-se a elaboração de um checklist para procedimentos de aspiração endotraqueal, em pacientes críticos sob ventilação mecânica, submetidos ao processo de validação aparente e de conteúdo. Foi aplicado pré-teste, com dez procedimentos e análise de confiabilidade interobservadores, com a amostra de 116 procedimentos, no período de janeiro a outubro de 2021. Resultados: Na fase de validação aparente e de conteúdo, cinco juízes avaliaram o instrumento. No pré-teste, não se identificou a necessidade de adequabilidade dos itens, permanecendo, assim, a segunda versão como a versão final do instrumento, com 35 itens. Foi realizada análise de confiabilidade interobservadores, por dois enfermeiros, sendo que a maioria dos itens apresentou força de concordância ótima, com índice acima de 81%, demonstrando exato acordo nas leituras pelos dois observadores. Os valores do coeficiente Kappa variaram de regular a perfeito (0,338 a 0,982; p<0,001), e a confiabilidade foi considerada excelente (ICC= 0,918). Conclusão: O checklist é considerado válido e confiável (AU).

Objective: To develop and validate a checklist-type instrument to identify adherence to recommendations in the endotracheal aspiration procedure in critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation, according to the Clinical Practice Guidelines of the American Association for Respiratory Care. Method: Methodological, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. A checklist was elaborated for endotracheal aspiration procedures in critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation and submitted to the apparent and content validation process. Applied pre-test, with ten procedures and inter-observer reliability analysis, with a sample of 116 procedures from January to October 2021. Results: In the apparent and content validation phase, five judges evaluated the instrument. In the pre-test, the need for adequacy of the items was not identified, thus remaining the second version as the final version of the instrument, with 35 items. An inter-observer reliability analysis was carried out by two nurses, most of the items showed excellent agreement, with an index above 81%, demonstrating exact agreement in the readings by the two observers. Kappa coefficient values ranged from fair to perfect (0.338 to 0.982; p<0.001), and reliability was considered excellent (ICC= 0.918). Conclusion: The checklist is considered valid and reliable (AU).

Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar un instrumento tipo lista de verificación para identificar la adherencia a las recomendaciones en el procedimiento de aspiración endotraqueal en pacientes críticos bajo ventilación mecánica, según las Guías de Práctica Clínica de la Asociación Americana de Cuidados Respiratorios. Método: Estudio metodológico, transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Se elaboró una lista de verificación para los procedimientos de aspiración endotraqueal en pacientes críticos bajo ventilación mecánica y se sometió al proceso de validación aparente y de contenido. Pretest aplicado, con diez procedimientos y análisis de confiabilidad interobservador, con una muestra de 116 procedimientos de enero a octubre de 2021. Resultados: En la fase de validación aparente y de contenido, cinco jueces evaluaron el instrumento. En el pre-test no se identificó la necesidad de adecuación de los ítems, quedando la segunda versión como la versión final del instrumento, con 35 ítems. Se realizó un análisis de confiabilidad interobservador por dos enfermeros, la mayoría de los ítems presentaron excelente fuerza de concordancia, con índice superior al 81%, demostrando concordancia exacta en las lecturas de los dos observadores. Los valores del coeficiente Kappa variaron de regular a perfecto (0,338 a 0,982; p<0,001), y la confiabilidad fue considerada excelente (ICC= 0,918). Conclusión: La lista de verificación se considera válida y confiable (AU).

Efficacy of educational strategies in patient involvement for safety in care: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of educational strategies in the involvement of hospitalized adult patient for safety in care. METHOD: Systematic review carried out by searching for experimental and quasi-experimental studies, published from January/2010 to December/2021, in PubMed®, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL and EMBASE. RESULTS: Twelve studies were included to involve the patient in safe care practices, five (41.7%) experimental and seven (58.3%) quasi-experimental. Different educational strategies were adopted in the articles included: verbal guidance, books, leaflets and folders (n=4; 33.3%); videos, e-books and electronic applications (n=5; 41.7%); poster, leaflets and video (n=3; 25%). Four experimental studies had a high risk of bias (80%) and all quasi-experimental studies had a low risk of bias (100%). CONCLUSION: The use of educational strategies proved to be effective in involving the patient in safe care practices. Considering the heterogeneity between studies, it is recommended carrying out future research.

Organizational climate and nurses' turnover intention: a mixed method study.

OBJECTIVES: to describe the organizational climate perceived by nurses of a hospital linked to the Brazilian Hospital Services Company and the reasons for the turnover intention. METHODS: mixed, concomitant triangulation type. Qualitative data were analyzed according to the discourse of the collective subject, in addition to quantitative data analysis, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. Data collection was carried through a semi-structured interview with 116 nurses. RESULTS: the study presented the speeches in five categories: Leadership and organization support; Reward; Physical comfort; Control/pressure; and Cohesion among colleagues. It showed that, with increased Reward factor, there is a decrease in turnover intention; and, with decreased Physical comfort, there is an increase in turnover intention. CONCLUSIONS: there is a dichotomy in the organizational climate perceived by nurses, and personal reasons mainly justify the turnover intention. The reason could be the current processes of institutional reorganization and the hiring of experienced staff.